Carbureter for explosive-engines.



No. 730,649. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1903. G. O. HEDSTROM.

GARBURETER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGI'NES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

line 4 4, Fig. 1.

UNITED S ATES;

Patented June 9, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

CARBURETER FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 730,649, dated June 9,1903.

Application filed May 10, 1902. Serial No..l06,7l9. (No model:)

To all w/wm it may concern;

citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding at Portland, in the county of Middle 5 sex and State ofConnecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oarburetersfor Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the construction to of carburetors forvolatile liquids, and it has special reference to that class of devicesof this type which are employed in connection with internal-combustionmotors, the object of this invention being to provide acarbu- I 5 rotorof compact construction wherein the regulation of the supply of liquidmay be accurately regulated and whereby the proportion of air requiredunder normal conditions of operation may be supplied thereto in neceszosary quantities, a further object of the invention being in theprovision of means for regulating the area of the opening in thecarbureter, through which said normally re.- quired mixture may besupplied to the motor in the usual manner, and, further, in theprovision of means whereby when the devices are operated which controlthe area of this opening they will simultaneously operate to permit anincreased air-supply without disturbing the devices whereby the normalairsupply is regulated, all of which will be more fully described in thefollowing specification and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings forming part of this speci- .fication, Figure 1 is asectional elevation of a carbureter constructed according to myinvention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a transversesectional view on line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar View on Figs. 5,6, and 7 are perspective views of the air-regulating devices shown inseparated relation.

In carrying my invention into practice I construct a hollow cylindricalreservoir, in-

dicated by a, having extending therethrough a cylindrical passage 1),which at the lower end of the reservoir a opens into ahorizontally-disposed chamber 0, having thereon a flaring mouthpiece, asshown in the drawings, which is cut out in a vertical plane on a curveadapted to coincide substantially with the outline of the cylinder of amotor 7 to which the carbureter may be attached, the Be it known that I,CARLO. HEDsTRoM, a-

outline of a portion of said cylinder being indicated by d in dottedlines in Figs. 1 and 2. This flaring mouthpiece is the air-intake, andit is desirable to take in air from a point in close proximity to thecylinder of the motor, whereby the air may be warmed more or less.

The construction of the reservoir to in the form of a hollow cylindernecessarily results in the formation of an annular chamber within whichthe liquid to be volatilized is received. \Vithin this chamber there islocated an annular float ve. On one side of the reservoir a there isformed a valve-chamber f, extending lengthwise thereof and parallel withits axis. This valve-chamber is entirely separate from the reservoir a,except for an opening g, near the lower end thereof. \Vithin thisvalve-chamber there is a weighted valvestem h, the lower end 2' of whichis tapered and is held by gravity in the open end of a small passagej,extending through the bottom of the valve-chamber f and with whichpassage there communicates a supply-pipe k, which may extend to anysuitable supply of liquid which is being used, said supply-pipe beingconnected to the lower end of said valvechamber, preferably by means ofa unionjoint, as shown.

Axially of the passage 1 there is located a hollow post m, which passesthrough the bottom of the casing which forms the chamber 0 and issecured in said casing in any convenient manner. In the lower end ofsaid post which projects through the said casing is a screw-threadedplug 71., which may be unscrewed for cleaning out said post. In theupper end of said post there is screwed a plug 0, having anoutwardly-tapering head thereon which is adapted to screw down intoclose proximity with the upper edge of the post, whereby anoutwardly-tapering slit is provided for the exit of the liquid stored inthe reservoir a, which is placed in communication with said post througha passage 19, extending from the bottom of the reservoir through thechamber cto the post and through a passage 9 through the plug 0. Theinner end of said supply-passage p communicates with the reservoir Ctthrough the bottom thereof and is covered with some suitable filteringICO ' level of liquid in the reservoir a, and to thusdisk or strainer inthe usual manner. The construction of this post and its outwardlyflaringslit at the upper end is not new, but is the construction usuallyemployed in this class of carbureters.

The normal level of the liquid in the reservoir a is in the proximity ofthe upper end of the post m. The float e is so constructed as tocounterbalance the gravity-actuated valvestem h when permitted to do soby the falling operate said valve there is located in the reservoir abascule-frame (1, two arms of which extend around under the float 6 farenough to support it properly and another arm of which extends throughthe opening 9 into the valve-chamber f and lying in the latter under asuitable shoulder or projection on the valve, as shown in Figure 1,whereby the valve may be lifted by the descent of the float. Thisbascule-frame q is pivoted at r in the reservoir.

It is clear from the above description that when a valve in thesupply-pipe 7c is opened liquid may flow into the reservoir through thepassage j and the opening g, for the superior weight of the floatresting on the arm of the frame (1 will lift the valve-stem h, thusleaving the passage j open. As soon as the liquid has risen far enoughto lift the float ofif of the arms of the frame q then the weightedvalvestem h will drop and close said passage 3'. When this occurs, thelevel of the liquid in the reservoir will be in proximity to the planeof the top of the post m.

The inner wall of the reservoir a (which is indicated by 8) projectssomewhat above the upper end of the reservoir, as shown in Fig. 1, andthere is screwed thereon a cylindrical part 2 having substantially thesame diameter as the passage I) through the reservoir. At a point onsaid cylindrical extension t, near the upper end of the walls, there islocated an inwardly and downwardly tapering flange 10, extendingentirely around said part i, and in this flange air-ports "u areprovided. Leading outwardly from this member If there is the pipe 10,which communicates with the cylin- 'ing progressively-reduced diameters.

der of some suitable motor. There is supported in this cylindrical parti of the device another cylindrical member, (shown in Fig. 5 inperspective,) which is indicated bya: and is in the form of threeconnected cylinders hav- The upper end of said member a: is adapted tohave a sliding fit within the cylindrical part tof the device. Thecentral part of said member cc, of substantially the same length as theupper part thereof, extends down into the central passage 1), but is ofless diameter than the latter, whereby an annular air-passage 1 is formed therearound. The lower end of said member m encircles the top of thepost m, and having a greater diameter than the latter there is formedaround said post another annular passage That portion of the cylindricalmember scwhich joins the upper to the central portion thereof isbeveled, as at 2, to correspond to the bevel of the flange a, and itrests on the latter when in operative position. The lower endof thecentral portion of the member a; and the upper end of the lowest portionthereof are similarly joined by the beveled part 3. In these beveledparts 2 and 3 air-ports i and 5 are cut, respectively. In the upper endof the cylindrical member cca slot 6 is cut, into which there projectsthe end of a screw 7, passing through the wall of the cylindrical part25, whereby the rotative movement of a: may be limited; The length ofthis slot, however, is such that the rotative movement of the member somay extend over the entire length of the port 4. In the upper edge ofthe upper part of the cylindrical part m there is cut a notch 8, withwhich a lug 9 (see Fig. 7) on the edge of the circular head 10 mayengage, whereby said head and said member so are interlocked when theparts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. On this head 10 there is acentrally-located operating-post 11, having a cross-bar thereon forconveniently rotating said head. Vhen the head 10 is fitted into the endof the part 50, a ring 12,

screwing onto the upper end of the cylindri-- cal part t of the device,serves to hold said head in connection with the upper end of the memberan by means of the notch 8 and lug 9, and if screwed down tightly saidring may look both the head 10 and the member a: in fixed positionwithin the part I.

In the side of the upper portion of the member 00 there is an opening13, corresponding in area to that of the pipe 10. By loosening the ring12 the operating-post 11 may be rotated to bring theopening 13 more orless into registering position with the end of the pipe 10. The locationof this opening relative to the slot 6 is such that under normalconditions the member 00 may be rotated to bring one end of the slot 6up against the screw 7, as shown in Fig. 3, whereby only the narrowpassage 14 will remain open, through which vapor may pass to the enginethrough the pipe 10. The relation of the air-ports 4 to the ports 11 inthe tapering flange a is such that when the member m is in the positionshown in Fig. 2 the ports o and 4 will be only partially in registeringposition; but if this member a: be re,- tated to bring the opening 13into fuller registration with the pipe 10 these ports o and 4 will bemoved toward a fuller registering position, until at the time ofcomplete registration of the opening 13 with the pipe 10 said of air tothe carbureter may be adjusted to normalconditions of operation, asdesired. To conveniently operate and adjust this valve member from apoint outside of the carb ureter, there is secured to the inside thereofthe posts 17, the upper ends of which are secured to the ring 18,located within the flange 19 on the under side of said head 10, throughwhich there is cut the two concentric slots 20, through which the pins21, which are secured to the upper side of the ring, project. This ringfits closely enough to the under side of the head 10 to form asubstantially tight closure for said slots 20.

Located in the top of the reservoir, at some convenient place over theupper end of the float 6, there is an endwise-movable pin 22, and withinthe reservoir is a spring 23, which normally holds said pin in theposition shown.

in Fig. 1. By pressing down on the end of this pin the inner end thereofwill contact with the top of the float, whereby it may always be readilyascertained whether or not the latter is freely movable in the reservoirand in operative condition.

From the foregoing description it is seen that under normal conditionsthe opening 13 through the sidewall of the member so when the motorwhich this carbureter supplies is running under normal conditions isonly partly in registration with the pipe 10. To adjust the area of theair-ports 5 to provide the necessary quantity of air for the conditionof normal operation, the pins 21 may be grasped and the tubular member15 rotated to uncover said ports 5 more or less. This operation in nowise affects the member 50, wi thin which the valve member 15 islocated, for the latter is locked to the head 10, and it in turn issecured against rotation by the ring 12. It follows then that undernormal conditions the operating-rod 11, attached to the head 10, neednot be touched. Then the cylindrical member a: is in the position shownin Fig. 3, the air-ports a may be so located in said member relative tothe ports 1) in the flange u that some air may be drawn into the pipe 20through these ports 1; and 4, if desired, the air reaching said ports bymeans of the annular passage y, located between the central portion of0c and the wall of the tubular chamber I), or, if preferred, the ports 5may be so proportioned that it will not be necessary to take any airthrough the upper ports t under normal conditions of operation. If,however, it becomes necessary in supplying the demands of the motor toprovide an increased volume of explosive mixture, then the rod 11 may begrasped and rotated to bring the opening 13 in the upper end of thetubular member a: more nearly into registering position with the pipe w,whereby upon the suction-stroke of the piston of the motor a largervolume of mixture may be drawn to the motor. In carbureters of this typeas heretofore constructed the only operation performed by this movementhas been to increase the area of the opening leading into the pipe w,the consequence being that the increased suction efiect through thecarbu reter results under such conditions in the aspiration of a greaterquantity of the volatile liquid, whereby the relative proportions of thelatter to'the volume of air drawn through the pipe w became changed,because the areaof the air-openin gs Was not varied in proportion to theVariation of the area through which the mixture was drawn-viz. thepassage 14. By my invention, however, I provide, by means of theports 1) and 4, for an increase in the area of the air-inlet ports whichis proportional to the increase in area of the opening into the pipe w,and one cannot be altered without altering the other. The result is thatwhether the motor draws through the pipe 20 the largest volume ofmixture which the apparatus is capable of supplying or whether thepassage into the pipe w is choked down to the point of. minimum supplythe proportion of air to the liquid remains substantially the same, andno trouble results by reason of imperfect mixing whether the motorberunning at its normal speed or its maximum speed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a carbureter, a hollow cylinder constituting a mixing-chamberprovided with outlet and inlet openings at opposite ends thereof; aflange on the interior wall of said chamber, a tubular valve member forsaid outletopening fitting closely said chamber and seated on saidflange; a tubular extension of reduced diameter on said valve member,airports through the wall of the valve member and flange communicatingwith an air-passage between said tubular extension and the wall of saidchamber, whereby the rotation of the valve member will increase ordiminish the area of said air-ports coincidently with the increase orreduction of the area of the outlet-opening, together with asuitablyconnected supply-nozzle located within said tubular extension ofthe valve member.

2. In a carbureter, a hollow cylinder constituting a mixing-chamberprovided With out let and inlet openings at opposite ends thereof; aflange on the interior wall of said cham her, a tubular valve member forsaid outletopening fitting closely said chamber and seated on saidflange; a tubular extension of reduced diameter on said valve member,air= ports through the wall of the valve member and flange communicatingwith an air-pas= sage between said tubular extension and the wall ofsaid chamber; another air-port in said tubular extension located in adifferent plane from said first-named port, a valve therefor, and meansfor varying the area of the airports in the valve member and in itsextension, independently, combined with a suitably-connectedsupply-nozzle located in the extension of the valve member.

igo

3. In a carbu reter, a hollow cylinder constituting a mixing-chamberhaving an outlet and an inlet opening located near the upper and lowerends thereof, a cylindrical tubular valve member fittingv closely theupper portion of said mixing-chamber and rotatable therein, there beingan air-passage between the wall of the mixing-chamber and said "alvemember, a flange on the wall of said chamber on which said tubularmember bears,

there being air-ports in the flange and-in the upper end of said member,and there being other air-ports in said valve member near the lower endthereof, said upper air-ports being movable into and out of registrationwith the ports in said flange; means for rotating the---" valve memberwhereby the area of the air-- ports in said memberopposite the flangemay be varied Without changing the adjustment of the air-ports near thelower ends of said member.

4. In acarbureter, a hollow cylinder constituting a mixing chamberhaving an outlet and an inlet opening located near the upper and lowerends thereof, a cylindrical tubular valve member fitting closely theupper portion of said mixing-chamber and rotatable therein, there beingan air-passage between the wall of the mixing-chamber and said ber,combined with a suitably-connected supply-nozzle located within thelower end of said valve member.

5. A carbureter having inlet and outlet openings, means for varying thearea of the latter, and a suitably-connected supply-nozzle locatedbetween said openings, means for regulatin g the air-supply to normalconditions of I operation, without varying the area of saidoutlet-opening, and a separate device for var ing the area of saidoutlet-opening, and coincidentally varying the supply of air withoutchanging the adjustment of the parts whereby said normal air-supply ismaintained.

CARL O. HEDSTROM.

Witnesses:

WVM. H. DURANG, S. BROOKE PAGE.

